Journal of Brilliant Engineering (BEN)

M. Vefa Topçu Orhan Yıldırım Şendoğan Karagöz Sadık Erdoğan Mine Gürsaç Çelik

Low body temperature during surgery continues to be a common medical issue, often tied to poor blood clotting and slower tissue recovery. Instead of using conventional forced-air devices, this research examines a heat delivery method integrated into the surgical bed itself. A controlled system was created, circulating warm water through pathways inside the table surface to preserve normal body temperature without disturbing airflow patterns around the procedure area. Wooden models were shaped to test two different internal layouts: one followed a classic spiral pattern (Plate 1), while the other used an irregular, branching route ( Plate 2 ). Trials covered flow conditions from 4000 to 25000 Reynolds numbers, applying input heat ranging from 42 to 50 °C. Results indicated Plate 2 surpassed the conventional model, delivering an 18% higher mean Nusselt number under maximum flow. Despite fluctuations, thermal scans revealed consistent performance - surface temperatures varied only ±0.4°C on average. Throughout trials, readings stayed safely between 37 and 40°C, meeting required medical thresholds. Behind the improvement: carefully shaped channels likely trigger swirling motions that boost heat exchange. Rather than relying solely on external power, built-in conduction pathways offer a simpler path toward effective patient warming.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2026.41110

Abdulkadir Özer

Zn₀.₉₅₋ₓCo₀.₀₅CuₓO (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) nanocomposites were synthesized using a co-precipitation method to explore the influence of Cu on the structural and optical properties of Co-doped ZnO. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that all samples preserve the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO, while minor secondary Cu₂O and Co₃O₄ phases were observed due to incomplete substitution of Cu⁺ and Co³⁺ ions. The crystallite size decreased from 34.53 nm to 22.00 nm with increasing Cu dopant concentration. SEM images revealed nearly spherical nanoparticles, consistent with XRD results. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Zn²⁺, Cu⁺, Co²⁺, Co³⁺, lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancies, and chemisorbed oxygen species. Raman spectroscopy verified the structural stability of ZnO and revealed dopant-induced defect modes. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance measurements showed a gradual increase in the optical band gap from 3.26 eV to 3.57 eV. These findings demonstrate that Cu doping effectively tunes the optical properties of Co-doped ZnO nanocomposites, making them promising for optoelectronic applications.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2026.41129