Journal of Brilliant Engineering (BEN)

Oday Jaradat Oday Jaradat

This study investigates the impact of incorporating quarry sand into concrete mixes, focusing on its characteristics and environmental sustainability. Three concrete specimens were prepared with varying proportions of quarry sand (10%, 20%, and 30%). The study evaluates the flexural strength, compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity of each specimen. Results indicate a notable enhancement in performance with the addition of quarry sand. Optimal characteristics were observed in the specimen containing 30% quarry sand. This suggests the viability of utilizing quarry sand as a partial replacement for river sand in concrete production, promoting sustainable practices in construction materials.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2024.4924

Fatemeh Abbasi Duygu Adıgüzel Osman Nuri Ata

In this paper, the feasibility of using a two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) process to replace the distillation unit where ammonia is recovered in synthetic soda production was investigated. The effect of two different membrane types on ammonia formation in the bipolar membrane electrodialysis system was analysed. One of the most important environmental problems of the Solvay process, which is one of the synthetic soda production processes, is the liquid and solid wastes generated by the distillation unit. Disposal of distillation waste directly into the environment without any treatment can cause serious ecological problems in the long term. For this paper, the BMED process was used to replace the unit of distillation in the Solvay process to recover ammonia and produce HCl without generating waste. Bipolar membranes (BPM) and anion exchange membranes (AEM) were utilized in this study in which the BMED cell was designed as a two-compartment, three-repeat design. The experiments were carried out by keeping the current/voltage values (14V/4.8 A) constant in the system using direct current (DC). Two different commercial membrane types, FumaTech and PCCell, were used as parameters in the study. The initial feed concentrations were kept constant and the conversion of salt solution to ammonia and HCl acid was monitored. The results showed that HCl and NH4OH concentrations were higher in PCCell membranes. The results showed that acid and base production from ammonium chloride can be realized simultaneously with both membranes and distillation waste can be disposed of.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2024.4936

Eymen SÜLEYMAN Mesut ATASOYU

This paper presents the design of a low-power, high-gain inverter-based transimpedance amplifier (INV-TIA) tailored for Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) applications. LiDAR systems require TIAs that can efficiently convert optical signals into electrical signals, making it crucial to optimize both gain and bandwidth to handle the fast light pulses involved. The design proposed in this study addresses these needs by balancing high gain with wide bandwidth, ensuring robust performance across a range of operational conditions. A comprehensive review of similar designs led to the decision to implement the TIA using advanced 45 nm CMOS technology, which offers the advantages of compactness, energy efficiency, and high-speed performance. The circuit operates with a low 0.83 V DC power supply, consuming only 245 µW, which is ideal for portable and battery-powered LiDAR systems. Extensive SPICE simulations using the 45 nm CMOS library were conducted to validate the design. The TIA was evaluated under two scenarios: in high-gain mode, the circuit achieves a transimpedance gain of 91 dB and a bandwidth of 114 MHz, while in low-gain mode, the gain drops to 82 dB, but the bandwidth expands significantly to 297 MHz. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed INV-TIA for efficient, high-performance LiDAR systems, offering both low power consumption and versatility.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2024.4915

Sinan SEZEK Yaşar TOTİK Mustafa YAMAN

The use of Zn-based alloys as biomaterials is becoming increasingly common due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, while the strain value is important for the forming of the alloy, relatively low mechanical properties can degrade the performance of the alloy. It was found that the mechanical properties of this alloy, which is usually obtained by casting, were low when the alloy was shaped by chip removal. Based on this, its mechanical properties were improved by cold ECAP. In this study, FEM analyses were performed before the experimental process and the variation of the mechanical properties of the alloy depending on the ECAP process parameters up to 4 passes in 4 different routes and passes were investigated cold without dynamic recovery. The mechanical properties of the Zn-Cu-Mg alloy were obtained with Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) with Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) in square section process parameters with a corner angle of 135o. According to the results obtained from FEM analyses, a certain amount of rotation may occur from the square-section ECAP processes and stress concentration may occur at the edges and corners.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2024.4954

Milufarzana Selina Banu Md. Nazmus Sakib Afsana Aktar Mst. Arifa Sultana

Bangladesh is a small country having huge population. More food must be produced daily to keep up with the expanding population. To fulfill the demand, we must increase crop yield by adopting the high farming techniques. After rice and wheat, maize is the most significant crop in the world and one of the country's most significant cereal crops. Currently, there is a large discrepancy between the amount of maize produced (4,700 thousand tons) and the yearly consumption (about two million tons) in Bangladesh. Designing and fabricating a manually operated push-type hilling corn machine with a double-wheel hoe and assessing the machine's technical and economic performance were the goals of the study. Corn hiller is farming implement used to create hills or ridges of soil around corn plants. Its additional task is to eradicate weeds from the corn fields. Although manual weeding is a popular practice in Bangladesh, but it is labor-intensive and presents significant challenges for farmers. So, this problem can be reduced by using this machine. The travelling speed of the machine was found 1.68 km/hr. The effective field capacity was 0.057 ha/hr, while the theoretical field capacity was 0.077 ha/hr. The machine's field efficiency was 74.0%. The turning loss and weeding efficiency of the machine were 25.7% and 69.4% respectively. The machine is easy to use and doesn't require an experienced operator. Since no fuel was used to run this machine, it did not produce any pollutants.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2024.4951