Journal of Nature, Science & Technology (JANSET)

Reza Shahivand Abdulmannan Rouhani

Today, the production of various types of solid waste and the occurrence of related social, economic and environmental inconsistencies have faced the management of municipal services and waste with many problems in the areas of collection, transportation, processing and disposal of such waste. The purpose of this study is to assess the life cycle of the current management system in Yazd, Iran from the environmental and economic point of view and to determine the priority in the decision-making to improve waste management. There are many tools for assessing the environmental impacts and determining the priority in the decision-making, but one of the widely used methods is life cycle assessment (LCA). In this study, three different scenarios of waste management were defined. The first scenario is the unsanitary separation and landfill (according to current situation in Yazd), the second scenario is the separation, composting and anaerobic digestion, waste incineration plant, disposal of residues and ash in sanitary landfill, and the third scenario is the separation, composting and anaerobic digestion, and sanitary landfill. Then, using the IWM-2 software, the inventory of the environmental and economic burden of each scenario was analyzed and presented. In general, the assessment of Yazd municipal waste life cycle was performed to achieve the optimal scenario that has less environmental and economic burden. The third scenario (with ecological indicator of -1.21E+11) was selected as the best management option in this respect.

https://doi.org/10.36937/janset.2021.001.001

CP Kaushal Vinayak Kaushal

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused by a newly detected severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 virus has spread all over the world including India. This corona virus pandemic has radically disrupted all the sectors including education sector, which affects the socio-economic conditions of the people and education system. This study is aiming to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on educational institutions, especially imparting higher education and related stakeholders till date, when the government has taken early decisions to breakdown the spread of virus among the community. The study is descriptive and analytical in nature where the information has been collected from the various official websites, newspapers, online news articles, and discussions with colleagues working in the higher education setup. This review study suggested some measures to overcome the situation such as special hygiene and health related measures like social distancing, using precautionary tools and equipment and some socioeconomic and technological measures such as economic supports for redesigning of the sector, public private partnerships in education system, digitization of the study techniques and educational infrastructure and use of Indian traditional knowledge. The higher education plays a key role for socio-economic development of the people in any country and with the implementation of these suggestive measures, the country will move forward and ensure the overall progress in education sector.

https://doi.org/10.36937/janset.2021.001.002

Pedro Leineker Ochoski Machado Guilherme Antonio Bartmeyer Victor Vaurek Dombarre Rogério de Oliveira Souza Vinicius Mariani Lenart Rozane de Fátima Turchiello Gomez Paulo Henrique Dias dos Santos Thiago Antonini Alves

Vacuum tube solar collectors are composed by two concentric glass tubes with the annular space evacuated. At the inner tube a thermosyphon is placed inside a metallic fin in order to absorb sun’s irradiation and heat running water placed at a manifold. Thermosyphons are passive heat transfer devices that absorb heat at the evaporator region, evaporating the working fluid that reaches the condenser in the form of steam. At the condenser, heat is dissipated to the environment, condensing the working fluid that returns to the evaporator, closing the thermodynamic cycle. In this study, thermosyphons with three different working fluids (5 and 10% graphene oxide nanofluids and distilled water) were built and experimentally tested. The evaporator and the adiabatic section have an outer diameter of 8.33mm and lengths of 1,600mm and 40mm, respectively. The condenser has an outer diameter of 13.40mm and a length of 35mm. The filling ratio used was 50% of the evaporator’s volume. A resistive tape wrapped at the evaporator and connected to a power supply was responsible for heating the working fluid by Joule effect, and water flow rates of 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00L/min were responsible for condensing the working fluid at the condenser. Heat loads of 35, 55, and 75W were applied to the devices and K-type thermocouples were responsible for acquiring temperature data from the thermosyphons, allowing the thermal analysis based in the temperature distribution and thermal resistance for each working fluid. The best working fluid for the conditions proposed, out of the three investigated, was 5% graphene oxide.

https://doi.org/10.36937/janset.2021.001.003

Asena Karslıoğlu Eren Balaban Mehmet İnanç Onur

Traditional bricks are made of clay or cement. However, it has environmental deficiencies as causing high energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. In addition, excessive and senseless use of non-renewable natural resources around the world causes social, economic and environmental damages. For these reasons, researchers have used several waste materials in brick production to contribute to sustainable development by optimizing environment-material-economy. In this study, the latest papers in the literature on the use of waste rubber (WR) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in brick production are presented. In particular, its thermal and sound insulation properties are examined. The literature review reveals the potential of the raw materials to be replaced by WR and PET when the manufactured bricks meet the standards.

https://doi.org/10.36937/janset.2021.001.004

MANJOLA BANI Manjola Bani

The development of olive production in Albania is considered as one of the priority branches of agriculture. After the 90s, the number of trees decreased significantly due to the abandonment of non-productive areas, but currently, there is a national plan to increase the planted area. According to forecasts to increase the amount of olive will increase the level of emissions. For this reason, the fate of application processing technologies with minimal impact on the environment should be emphasized. The analysis of these wastes is of interest because they are deposited on agricultural land, reducing productivity and thus affecting the country's economy. This study analyzes the environmental impact of the activity of olive oil processing lines, producing solid waste as secondary and liquid products. A processing plant in Lushnja, Albania was selected for this study. The factory uses 3-phase (3P) processing technology. Samples were taken during the intensive processing period in October-November 2020. Initially, samples were prepared for analysis, determined: number of solids,% of ash, carbon, acidity (pH), and conductivity. Heavy metals were determined at different wavelengths using UV-VIS spectrophotometers. The elements analyzed from the collected samples are K, Na, Mg, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Cu. From the graph, the sample is characterized by increasing order: Pb
https://doi.org/10.36937/janset.2021.001.005